Senna alexandrina is a plant popular with dieters for its laxative and stimulant properties. Senna contains anthraquinone, which acts as a purgative and is also present in other natural laxatives like rhubarb and aloe. Senna is frequently brewed into a tea for its medicinal effects. Like other laxatives, senna tea can cause serious health problems when used for prolonged periods. Understanding the dangers of senna tea can help prevent adverse effects associated with the supplement.
Diarrhea
Due to its potent purgative properties, senna can cause diarrhea in some people. Senna tea acts as a stimulant laxative, producing bowel movements by triggering peristalsis in the colon by irritating mucosa in the bowel. This effect often results in bowel movements that are either too loose or occur too frequently.
While not considered dangerous in the short term, prolonged diarrhea can lead to deadly complications such as electrolyte imbalances and dehydration. The blood potassium deficiency caused by laxatives like senna may produce symptoms such as weakness, fainting or rapid heartbeat and can result in death if not treated immediately.
Dependence
Frequent use of laxatives like senna tea can impair the bowel's ability to function on its own, resulting in laxative dependence. Withdrawal symptoms like constipation, bloating and water retention may occur when stopping senna tea after prolonged periods of use. In severe cases, laxative abuse and dependence can cause serious complications. According to Bulimia.com, long-term use of stimulant laxatives like senna can result in internal bleeding, edema and permanent bowel impairment.
To reduce these risks, use senna tea sparingly and only with a doctor's supervision. Increased water intake, dietary changes and frequent exercises may help treat constipation without the risks of stimulant laxatives.
Overdose
While rare, overdose on senna tea can cause life-threatening complications. According to the Stabroek News, two Guayanese children died after ingesting senna tea. While the exact cause of death is unknown, it is believed to be related to an overdose caused by high levels of senna in the children's small bodies.
Steeping the herb too long while preparing tea may increase the risk for overdose. To help prevent an overdose, follow preparation directions on the package and drink the tea slowly to gauge its effects. Symptoms of senna overdose include vomiting, severe abdominal cramping, diarrhea and loss of consciousness.
Drug Interactions
Like other herbal supplements, senna may cause dangerous interactions when taken with some medications. According to E Med TV, taking senna with digoxin, Coumadin and some diuretics may result in an increased risk for dangerous cardiovascular side effects due to the potassium depletion that senna can cause. When taken with Coumadin and other blood thinners, senna may increase bleeding risks.
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