A colonoscopy is a testing procedure designed to give doctors a clear view of your colon and rectum. Doctors use this viewpoint to diagnose the presence of potential tissue abnormalities such as growths, inflammation, ulcers and colorectal cancer. While you can drink certain liquids in the time period before a colonoscopy, you cannot eat applesauce or any other food.
Colonoscopy Basics
During a colonoscopy, your doctor or surgeon will examine your colon and rectum with a small camera mounted on a flexible, lighted tube called a colonoscope. Prior to the procedure, you will receive some form of sedation or anesthesia to put you to sleep. Your doctor will then insert a colonoscope through your rectum and carefully examine your tissues. A colonoscope is hollow, and if your doctor finds any abnormalities, he can take a tissue sample and remove it when he removes the scope. He can then examine the sample and make a diagnosis.
Food Restrictions
In the days prior to your procedure, your doctor will give you a set of written instructions that details what you must do to prepare, according to the National Digestive Diseases Information Clearinghouse (NDDIC). Part of this preparation is removal of any solid food from your diet for a period of one to three days before your colonoscopy takes place. You will also need to abstain from any liquids that contain purple or red dye. The NDDIC lists examples of acceptable beverages, including water, plain coffee or tea, gelatin, strained fruit juice, fat-free broth or bouillon and Gatorade or other sports drinks.
Additonal Requirements
Your colon must be clear for a colonoscopy to be effective. To achieve the proper conditions, your doctor may ask you to take a laxative to soften your stool and speed up your bowel movements on the night before your procedure. He may also ask you to undergo a colon-flushing process called an enema. In addition, you will need to tell your doctor about any medications, supplements or vitamins you use, as well as any current medical conditions.
After a Colonoscopy
A colonoscopy takes roughly half an hour. After the procedure, you will typically feel fine. Potential problems following a colonoscopy include discomfort caused by gas and wooziness from the drugs used to put you to sleep. You will be monitored for signs of these effects and receive fluids for hydration. To avoid any further problems stemming from post-procedure disorientation, your doctor will likely request that you have someone drive you home.
Considerations
Regular colorectal exams can help prevent the development of colorectal cancer. In its early stages, this form of cancer may present no obvious symptoms, and without a colonoscopy you may develop relatively advanced disease without your knowledge. Roughly 9 out of every 10 people who have their colorectal cancer diagnosed early live at least another five years. Many of these individuals go on to live for decades or more.
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