Irritable bowel syndrome, or IBS for short, is a condition that affects the large intestine and results in gas, diarrhea, abdominal pain and constipation. Symptoms can be severe and make it difficult participate in everyday activities. The cause of IBS is not fully understood. One theory is that the movement of food through the intestines is timed too quickly or too slowly. Other theories cite dysfunction of the nervous system, hormone regulation and colon. Traditional medicine doesn't always eliminate IBS symptoms so many people turn to home remedies and supplements. Flaxseed and flaxseed oil are commonly suggested home remedies.
Seeds
Flaxseed has three nutrient components that may be beneficial for health and IBS. It contains fiber, a indigestible plant starch that promotes bowel health and regularity. Flaxseed also contains lignans and a type of omega-3 fatty acid called alpha-linoleic acid. Lignans are plant compounds that have antioxidant properties and act like estrogen. Alpha-linoleic acid is similar to the omega-3 vitamins in fish oil and may reduce inflammation.
Oil
Researchers have shown the efficacy of consuming ground flaxseed for relief of IBS symptoms, but the properties of flaxseed oil are markedly different. Research conducted by Dr. Tarpila showed that flaxseed fiber and water form a gel that promotes movement of matter through the intestines. Flaxseed oil doesn't contain fiber and cannot promote healthy bowel movement the same way. Lignans are also not present in flaxseed oil. While this takes away the benefits of lignans, it also makes flaxseed oil an ideal product for women who are pregnant or nursing and should not consume lignans. Like whole seeds, flaxseed oil is high in omega-3 fatty acids that promote nervous system health and function. IBS symptoms could improve if they were related to nervous system and hormone function. Still, there is no evidence for the efficacy of flaxseed oil for treating IBS.
Dosage
Dosages specific to IBS are not available. According to the University of Maryland Medical Center, adults should take one to two tablespoons or capsules of flaxseed oil daily. Children may take one teaspoon daily, diluted in water. Flaxseed oil should be refrigerated and is best when fresh. It is damaged by light and heat, so do not cook with flaxseed oil, and purchase a brand that is stored in a light blocking container.
Cautions
Flaxseed oil is considered to be safe and has far fewer cautions than whole flaxseeds. Consult your doctor before adding flaxseed oil to your regimen, however. Consider an allergy screening before consumption because potentially fatal allergic reactions are possible.
References
- Mayo Clinic: Irritable Bowel Syndrome: 2009
- EBSCO: Flaxseed Oil
- EBSCO: Flaxseed
- "Gastroenterology"; Ground Flaxseed is an Effective Hypolidemic Bulk Laxative; S Tarpila, et al.; 1997
- University of Maryland Medical Center: Flaxseed Oil
