Prednisone is a medication that can require special dietary considerations. Your doctor may recommend increasing or decreasing certain nutrients in your diet along with taking specific vitamin supplements. Dietary changes are unique to each individual and should be discussed with your doctor to ensure safety and efficacy of your medication.
Prednisone
Prednisone is a type of corticosteroid that can be used to treat low corticosteroid levels. It is also used for conditions such as arthritis, severe allergic reactions, lupus, certain types of cancers and more. Prednisone can reduce inflammation and affect your immune system. Side effects can include headache, dizziness, changes in mood or personality and extreme tiredness or weak muscles. Since some side effects can be severe, be sure to discuss any you experience with your doctor.
Nutritional Considerations
Prednisone, along with most other types of corticosteroids, can increase appetite. Weight gain is another common side effect and is attributed mainly to fluid retention and increased calorie intake from an increase in appetite. Since prednisone also increases muscle protein breakdown, a higher dietary intake of protein is recommended. If taken long-term, prednisone can affect the way your body uses calcium.
Foods to Limit
When taking prednisone or another type of corticosteroid drug, eat a low sodium diet by reducing your intake of canned and processed foods and avoiding adding salt to foods. You may also need to monitor your calorie intake to prevent weight gain. Eating grapefruit or drinking grapefruit juice is considered safe when taking prednisone but may not be appropriate when taking other types of corticosteroids such as methylprednisolone.
Foods to Eat
A healthy diet rich in whole grains, lean protein, fruits, vegetables, low-fat milk and healthy fat is recommended for most people, according to the "2010 Dietary Guidelines for Americans." When on prednisone, eat a diet high in calcium, vitamin D and protein. You may also need to increase your intake of potassium, phosphorus and vitamins A and C. If using corticosteroids long-term, your doctor may recommend taking a calcium and vitamin D supplement. A low-sodium, high potassium diet can help reduce fluid retention. Foods rich in potassium include bananas, baked potatoes, apricots, oranges, raisins and tomatoes. To prevent osteoporosis, focus on calcium-dense foods such as low-fat dairy products, which are also good sources of phosphorus. Eat at least 5 to 6 ounces of lean meats daily and eat at least 4 1/2 cups of fruits and vegetables to be sure you are getting adequate vitamins and minerals.
Considerations
Discuss dietary changes with your doctor and any additional medications, nutritional supplements or herbal products you are taking since this may affect your prescribed dose of prednisone.
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