Taking omega-3 supplements is generally safe, but high doses of the supplements may cause negative side effects. Omega-3 supplements include fish, krill, cod and flaxseed oil and are often used for heart and cardiovascular benefits. Though you do not need a medical prescription to purchase omega-3 fatty acid supplements, it is wise to consult with a medical doctor before you take a supplement. Inquire about the safe amount of supplement to take daily.
Recommended Amount
The American Heart Association suggests patients in good health without a diagnosis of heart disease may get enough omega-3 fatty acids through diet alone. It suggests eating two or more servings of fatty fish per week. Each serving of fish is about 3.5 oz., or 3/4 cup shredded fish. Choose fatty fish such as tuna, herring and salmon. Some plant sources are also high in omega-3, including walnuts, brussels sprouts, flaxseed and kale.
High Dosages
MedlinePlus discourages taking more than 3 g of fish oil daily, unless under the direct care of a medical doctor. This is considered a high dose and a variety of side effects may occur. In some instances, a high dose of omega-3 fatty acids is recommended. The American Heart Association advises patients wanting to lower triglyceride levels to take between 2 and 4 g of fish oil daily. Be cautious when taking a fish oil supplement and also eating fish. Each serving of fatty fish has about 1 g of fish oil. Eating two or more servings of fish daily is not advised.
Side Effects
Large amounts of omega-3 fatty acids increase your risk of bleeding. Omega-3 fatty acids cause blood platelets to decrease activity. Platelets take longer to form blood clots. You may notice you suffer from nosebleeds, your gums bleed when brushing your teeth or blood is in your urine or stools. Internal bleeding may also be visible on your skin in the form of bruises. Fish oil may also cause gastrointestinal side effects, including abdominal pain, cramps as well as diarrhea and belching. Taking large amounts of the supplement increases these effects.
Risks
In unusual circumstances, high doses of omega-3 fatty acids cause arteries to burst, leading to bleeding of the brain, advises the University of Maryland Medical Center. The emergency is known as a hemorrhagic stroke and is life-threatening. Signs of a hemorrhagic stroke include confusion, dizziness, loss of consciousness and slurring of speech.
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