The back is divided into many segments. The upper portion is called the thoracic spine region, while the lower part consists of the lumbar and sacral regions. Unfortunately, the spine can curve, fracture or cause extreme pain. Scoliosis, a thoracic spine fracture and a herniated disc are just a few of the many possible thoracic spine disorders.
Scoliosis
Scoliosis refers to a curvature of the spine. This curvature can occur in the thoracic and lumbar spine. According to the Mayo Clinic, scoliosis is commonly diagnosed during puberty. Manifestations of scoliosis include uneven shoulders and waists; one of the shoulder blades may stick out more than the other, and one hip may be higher when compared to the other hip. Treatment includes wearing a back brace to help reduce the curvature. In severe cases, doctors may suggest surgery. Trouble breathing, lung infections and heart problems may result if severe scoliosis is not treated.
Fracture of the Thoracic Spine
A fractured thoracic spine often occurs due to trauma such as a car accident, fall or gunshot wound. The American Academy of Orthopedic Surgeons (AAOS) says that males suffer from thoracic spine fractures four more times than women. Along with the vertebral bone fracture, your spinal cord can also become damaged.
Manifestations of a fractured thoracic spine include intense back pain that is exacerbated with any kind of movement. Patients may also develop numbness, tingling, bowel or bladder problems, and weakness. Treatment includes wearing a back brace for support and taking part in low-impact exercises to gradually help strengthen the back. Surgery may be necessary to realign the spine with metal rods and screws.
Herniated Disc
A herniated disc occurs when material between vertebral discs called the annulus protrudes out and compresses on the thoracic spinal cord. Typical manifestations of a herniated disc include severe back pain that radiates down a leg (sciatica). Other manifestations include weakness or numbness in the lower back and affected leg. In severe instances, a herniated disc can lead to loss of bladder and bowel functions, worsened back pain and leg numbness.
Treatment involves changing activities (e.g., walking instead of running), physical therapy to strengthen back muscles, pain medication such as acetaminophen, bed rest and surgery. Incontinence, loss of sensation, and increasing pain or weakness can result if a herniated disc is not promptly treated.
