Ovarian cancer is caused by a tumor in one or both ovaries. These tumors may begin in the cells that make up the outside of the ovary or they may begin from one of the eggs inside the ovary. The most common type of ovarian cancer can rapidly spread to other parts of the body, making early detection important. Many women have subtle signs at an early stage, but most are not aware of the link to ovarian cancer. According to "Medical-Surgical Nursing," one woman out of 70 will develop this cancer, and all women should be aware of these early symptoms.
Abdominal Fullness
The woman with ovarian cancer may feel as though her abdomen is full, or that something is exerting pressure against her abdomen or stomach. She may visibly notice that her abdomen is swollen and distended, or she may merely feel bloated, as though she has overeaten. According to Mayo Clinic, she may lose her interest in eating and feel full after eating only half of her meal. Her pants may seem tighter and she may notice pain in her abdomen.
Some women will have indigestion, intestinal gas or nausea. A change in bowel habits, such as a sudden onset of constipation, warrants suspicion as well.
Pelvic Pain
She may notice pain in her pelvic area, below her abdomen. This may be mild discomfort or actual constant pain. She may develop pain during intercourse. Some women with ovarian cancer have noticed a change in their menstrual cycle. Pain may be felt in the lower back.
Changes in Urination
The woman with ovarian cancer may develop urgency, a condition in which she feels as though she must urinate right away. She may void more frequently than usual.
Fatigue
Like many cancers, ovarian cancer can cause a woman to feel as though she has little energy. This low energy level may be evident whether she has been exerting herself or not. In other words, she may feel tired most of the time, even after resting.
What to Do
If you recognize any of these signs, arrange for an examination by a gynecologist or family practitioner. Many of these signs relate to ovarian cancer and other disorders as well; an examination and testing can determine what is causing your symptoms.
References
- "Medical-Surgical Nursing;" Donna Ignatavicius, M.S., R.N. and Linda Workman, Ph.D., R.N.; 2002
- Mayo Clinic: Ovarian Cancer: Symptoms
- American Cancer Society: Ovarian Cancer Has Early Symptoms
