Arthroscopic shoulder surgery is typically performed on rotator cuff injuries such as tendinitis and tears, some of which may be major (the tendon has torn totally from the bone) as well as for the removal of bone spurs and bursitis that accompany a tear. While minimally invasive as compared to traditional shoulder surgery, the recovery time is the same for both and results often depend on how well the patient follows the rehabilitation program.
Immobilization
Initially after arthroscopic shoulder surgery the arm is immobilized in a sling for 2 to 4 weeks (depending on the extent of the surgery and the individual patient) with movement restricted to dangling the arm while bending at the waist. It is important at this stage not to move the arm, because it may damage the integrity of the surgery.
Passive Movement
One week after arthroscopic shoulder surgery, the patient will begin physical therapy, in which the therapist will perform passive movement exercises such as lifting the surgical arm while the patient lies prone. This will continue for 4 to 6 weeks after the initial surgery; the patient should not lift the arm during this period.
Strength Rehabilitation
After 4 to 6 weeks, the arthroscopic shoulder surgery patient may begin strength rehabilitation exercises as the repair gains strength. Typically, this entails lifting the arm without aid and light stretching exercises.
Full Recovery
Approximately 3 months after surgery, patients may begin gradual lifting exercises with the goal of lifting weight of 5 to 10 pounds. Patients will continue strengthening the arm and shoulder for 3 months; by 6 months after surgery, most arthroscopic shoulder surgery patients have regained 80 percent of their original strength. Gains in strength may continue for 2 years post surgery.
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