The connection between vitamin D deficiency and depression is established, although not completely understood in its entirety. There isn't a lack of research attempting to understand it as many researchers are trying to put the pieces together. Sources of vitamin D include sunshine, mushrooms, fortified milk, cod liver oil and vitamin D supplements.
Seasonal Affective Disorder
One area in which vitamin D has shown benefit is in seasonal affective disorder. Vitamin D deficiencies are more frequent and common in areas of little or no sunshine in the winter months. A study published in the February 1998 "Psychopharmacology" assessed the effects of vitamin D supplementation on people with seasonal affective disorder. Two doses were used at 400 IU and 800 IU for five days during late winter. Those who supplemented with vitamin D saw an improvement in affect. Researchers felt vitamin D deficiency provided explanation for seasonal fluctuations in mood.
Less Light, More Depression
Another potential link to the idea that vitamin D deficiency causes depression has to do with people no longer obtaining as much sunshine as we used to in conjunction with higher incidences of depression. Sunshine is the primary source of vitamin D. Factors contributing to less sunshine include working more often and staying inside buildings, increased use of sunscreen -- which prevents absorption of vitamin D, tall buildings block sunshine from reaching the skin surface, tinted windows and clothing, the Vitamin D Council explains.
Vitamin D and Neurotransmitters
A link to the vitamin D deficiency and depression may also lie in the effect vitamin D has on neurotransmitters. Neurotransmitters are critically valuable to brain health and the way the body feels mentally and physically. Low levels of the neurotransmitter serotonin are linked to depression. The brain needs vitamin D to assist with maintaining healthy levels of serotonin in the brain.
Research Still Needed
Despite ongoing research studies, more is still needed to obtain a stronger grasp on the connection between vitamin D deficiency and depression. Vitamin D supplementation at appropriate doses recommended by a doctor is not a bad idea since vitamin D has shown much in the way of benefits to health. Obtaining a vitamin D level is a good idea in order for a doctor to recommend an appropriate dose.
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