Constipation is defined as having less than three bowel movements per week, according to the National Digestive Diseases Information Clearing House. In addition, stools are generally hard, dry and difficult to pass. Constipation is a common problem among dialysis patients. However, there are several steps you can take as a dialysis patient to prevent the problem of constipation.
Causes
There are several factors that hinder normal bowel function in dialysis patients. The most recommended strategies for preventing constipation are to eat a high fiber diet, drink plenty of fluids, and get regular exercise. These recommendations can be difficult to follow while on dialysis because of diet and fluid restrictions. Many high fiber foods are also high in potassium and phosphorus and so must be restricted in the diet. In addition, many medications that dialysis patients take can cause constipation.
Diet
Eating a high fiber diet is one of the best ways to prevent constipation. The American Dietetic Association recommends that adults consume 20 to 35 g of fiber per day. While high-fiber whole grains and dried beans are restricted in the diet for dialysis patients, many allowed fruits and vegetables are significant sources of fiber. Aim to eat 3 servings of fruits and 3 servings of vegetables per day. Strawberries, raspberries, blueberries, apples, grapes, canned pears or peaches, carrots, corn and green beans are all examples of recommended fruits and vegetables.
Fiber Supplements
If you are not able to get enough fiber through your diet, a fiber supplement may be beneficial. There are several supplements are available without a prescription. Benefiber, Unifiber, and FiberSure are brands that are safe for dialysis patients to use and can be used on a daily basis. Be sure to consult your doctor or your dietitian before you start a fiber supplement.
Medications
Sometimes, diet is not enough to prevent constipation. If you have tried these things without success, talk to your doctor about recommending a stool softener or a laxative you can take. Many dialysis patients need some sort of medication to help with regular bowel movements. In addition, talk to your doctor about the medications you currently take as these could be contributing to the problem. Phosphate binders often cause constipation and it may be possible for you to switch to a phosphate binder you tolerate better.
