An element necessary for cognitive development and metabolic function, iodine exists in soil and water and occurs naturally in certain plant-based foods. Among the richest sources of dietary iodine, spirulina is a type of blue-green algae that is also abundant in protein, vitamins, minerals and antioxidants. Including spirulina as part of your regular diet can help to ensure that you receive an adequate amount of iodine and support thyroid health.
Iodine and Health
In addition to playing a central role in cognitive and motor development, iodine is necessary to the production of the thyroid hormones thyroxine and triiodothyronine. The thyroid is a small gland shaped like a butterfly at the base of the throat that regulates basal metabolic rate and your body's ability to synthesize macronutrients. The Institute of Medicine of the National Academies advises that adults receive at least 150 mcg of iodine per day. In order to prevent cognitive impairments pregnant and lactating women should increase their daily consumption to 220 mcg and 290 mcg, respectively, the IOM says.
Sources of Iodine
The levels of iodine in food depend on the concentration of the element in the soil and water, which vary significantly across regions. Both seafood and grains are rich sources of dietary iodine, and depending on the type of feed used in animal husbandry, dairy products can also be a significant nutrient source. However, the most abundant supply of iodine is found in sea plants, such as kelp and algae, which offer as much as 11 to 1,989 percent of daily recommended amounts.
Spirulina
Spirulina comes in powder or pill form, and is also available as flakes to increase the nutritional content of dishes. As a member of the algae family, spirulina offers an abundant source of iodine, in addition to B vitamins, vitamin E and gamma linolenic acid, an essential fatty acid. Sixty-two percent of spirulina is formed of amino acids, making it a source of supplemental protein. According to the University of Maryland Medical Center, existing research suggests that spirulina potentially works as a probiotic in the body, and may also be effective in helping the immune system to fight against herpes, HIV and influenza. Further research is needed to substantiate early findings.
Caution
Because of environmental contamination, spirulina can absorb toxic substances that enter into saltwater bodies. The University of Maryland Medical Center advises that when purchasing spirulina you should be sure it comes from a trusted source free of toxins. While most of the spirulina available for purchase in the United States is produced in a laboratory, if your are currently pregnant, lactating or taking a prescription medication, be sure to consult your doctor before adding spirulina to your diet.
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