Statins are medications that physicians prescribe to help lower cholesterol, and are effective in the reduction of heart attack and stroke. Undesirable side effects sometimes occur and can overshadow the efficacy of the drug. Most common side effects that are experienced will resolve as the body acclimates to the medication.
Muscle Pain
Muscle pain, according to the Mayo Clinic, is the most common side effect of statins. The pain may be slight aches, soreness or weakness. Severe pain may be felt and could impede day-to-day performance. As stated by the Mayo Clinic, statins used with other medications can cause a rare condition of muscle damage called rhabdomyolysis. This condition is potentially life-threatening, resulting in liver damage and kidney failure.
Gastrointestinal Problems
Nausea and bowel changes, including diarrhea or constipation, are gastrointestinal side effects resulting from statin drugs. Taking the medication with a meal may help to lessen unwanted digestive problems.
Liver Damage
Liver enzyme production may increase with the use of statins. A minor increase is insignificant, and the medication can be continued. A more elevated increase in liver enzymes warrants the discontinuation of the drug. The liver usually returns to the appropriate functioning level after cessation of statin use. Another statin drug that is better tolerated may be prescribed. Other cholesterol-lowering medication in combination with a statin increases the chance for liver problems. Permanent liver damage may result if elevated enzymes are left uncontrolled. Individuals with active or chronic liver disease are advised against statin usage, as reported by Medline Plus.
Risks and Benefits
Discussing with a physician the risks versus benefits of statin usage to lower cholesterol will help to determine the correct medication needed. Another medication in combination with a statin may increase the risk for side effects, especially if it is another cholesterol-lowering drug. A doctor may eliminate the problematic medication altogether and suggest using a different statin drug or alternative medication, if unpleasant side effects are experienced.
Dramatic lifestyle changes, such as losing weight and smoking cessation, can be beneficial toward the reduction of cholesterol, helping to reduce the risk of heart disease. Consuming a healthy diet low in fat, cholesterol and salt is also beneficial. Exercising daily and managing stress are all vital in the proper functioning of the body and may help to eliminate statin usage. The Mayo Clinic recommends consulting a physician regarding diet change and prior to starting any exercise program.
