Prostate-specific antigen, or PSA, is a protein produced by the cells of the prostate gland, according to the National Cancer Institute. Because high PSA levels can indicate prostate cancer, PSA testing is often performed. However, it's important to keep in mind that there are many other reasons a man's PSA level may be elevated. Although some medications and supplements can help lower PSA levels, consult a health care professional prior to taking them.
Thiazide Diuretics
Thiazide diuretics have been found to lower PSA levels. These are prescription-only medications typically used to treat high blood pressure as well as increase urine output and reduce the total amount of water in the body, according to drugs.com. A study published in the Journal of Clinical Oncology found that men who took these diuretics over five years had a 25 percent reduction in PSA levels, and men taking both statin drugs and thiazide diuretics had a 36 percent reduction in PSA levels. While taking this medication, an individual may be instructed to eat high-potassium foods, because this drug can cause potassium loss. Other precautions while on this medication may include special instructions for diabetics, staying out of direct sunlight, and wearing sunscreen. Side effects of thiazide diuretics can include blood in urine or stool, dry mouth, decreased sexual ability, diarrhea, dizziness or light-headedness, loss of appetite and upset stomach. Prior to taking thiazide diuretics for PSA levels, talk to a health care professional to evaluate the risks and benefits.
Statin Drugs
Statin drugs, or statins, can also lower PSA levels. According to a study in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, men taking statin drugs over five years experienced a 13 percent reduction in PSA levels--and even more of a reduction when also taking thiazide diuretics. Statins are typically prescribed to help lower cholesterol levels, says the University of California-San Diego. They help lower bad cholesterol, or LDL, and triglycerides as well as help raise good cholesterol, known as HDL. Some statins can even help lower blood pressure. Possible side effects of these drugs can include liver function changes, muscle pain or weakness, changes in memory or concentration, mood changes, insomnia, changes in sexual functioning and upset stomach. Talking with a health care professional can help determine whether statin medications are an appropriate choice for lowering PSA levels.
Vitamin E
Studies are mixed regarding vitamin E and PSA levels. According to the University of Maryland Medical Center, some studies have found that men taking high doses of vitamin E had lower risks of developing prostate cancer, while others found an increase in risk when high doses were consumed. The University of Maryland goes on to add that a clinical trial found that a combination of vitamin E, vitamin C, beta-carotene, selenium and zinc may lower the risk of developing prostate cancer in men whose PSA levels were normal and not elevated. However, more research needs to be done before a definitive conclusion about vitamin E and PSA levels and prostate cancer can be drawn.
References
- Drugs.com: Diuretics, thiazide
- American Society of Clinical Oncology: "Journal of Clinical Oncology": Impact of common medications on serum total prostate-specific antigen levels: Analysis of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
- University of California-San Diego Statin Effects Study: Statin information
- University of California-San Diego Statin Effects Study: Statin adverse effects
- University of Maryland Medical Center: Vitamin E
- National Cancer Institute: Prostate-Specific Antigen test
