Eye irritation due to swimming, or chemical conjunctivitis, is a common problem experienced by those who swim in chlorinated pools. Caused by irritants such as chlorine, air pollution or chemical exposure, chemical conjunctivitis is an inflammation of the conjunctiva, the thin layer of transparent tissue that covers the white of the eye. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, or CDC, pool water pH levels that are too high or too low can also be the source of eye irritation. Those who are prone to developing eye discomfort after swimming may find relief in using protective eyewear during visits to the pool.
Symptoms
People who experience chemical conjunctivitis from swimming may display symptoms in one or both eyes. These symptoms can be manifested as a gritty sensation, itching, burning and excessive eye watering. Discharge from one or both eyes is a common symptom, as are swollen eyelids, eye redness, light sensitivity and blurred vision.
Self-Care
According to the American Optometric Association, flushing the eyes thoroughly with warm water or saline solution can help remove irritants from the surface of the eye, relieving chemical conjunctivitis. Cold compresses can combat inflammation and irritation, and over-the-counter lubricating eye drops can ease itching and burning. Contact lens wearers may need to discontinue the use of their lenses until the eye inflammation and irritation is alleviated.
When to See the Eye Doctor
Eye irritation that persists for more than a few hours after swimming or does not respond to self-care measures should be evaluated by an eye care professional. See your eye doctor if thick, pus-like discharge is present. Chlorine irritation can result in the temporary clouding of vision, but consult your eye doctor if vision changes persist for more than an hour or two, as this can indicate more serious complications. According to the Mayo Clinic, conjunctivitis can, in extreme cases, cause inflammation in the cornea that can cause vision changes.
Prevention
If swimming in a home pool, testing the water's pH frequently and adjusting pool chemicals accordingly can help prevent eye irritation. According to the CDC, a pH level between 7.2 and 7.8 is ideal for eye comfort and pool disinfection. However, maintaining this ideal pH level can be a challenge in a home pool. Of course, in a public pool chemical and pH levels are beyond the control of visitors. Swimming goggles can be a good alternative, as they protect against eye irritation by providing a watertight physical barrier between sensitive eye tissues and pool water.
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