While most Americans do not suffer from a lack of protein in their diet, a protein deficiency can result in several health problems. To prevent a deficiency, make sure your diet contains several sources of complete proteins. Vegetarians and vegans are at a higher risk of complications due to protein deficiencies, since plant-based proteins do not provide all of the amino acids your body needs.
Kwashiorkor
Kwashiorkor is a malnutrition disorder that occurs when your diet does not contain enough protein. While it can occur among vegetarians and children suffering from child abuse in the United States, it is more common in countries with a limited food supply and low levels of nutrition education. According to the National Institutes of Health, symptoms can include shrinking muscle mass, diarrhea, fatigue, hair changes and loss, irritability, illnesses due to a weakened immune system and swelling.
Anemia
Anemia is a general term referring to a condition in which your body does not produce enough red blood cells to carry sufficient oxygen throughout your body. A lack of animal-based protein in your diet can lead to anemia because your body needs the vitamins and nutrients found in these types of proteins to make hemoglobin, the substance in your blood cells that helps them carry oxygen. According to the University of Maryland Medical Center, the primary symptoms of anemia are fatigue, weakness and lightheadedness because your extremities are not getting enough oxygen.
Mouth Sores
People with insufficient protein in their diets can also suffer from mouth sores, particularly if they are on chemotherapy or other cancer treatments. These sores can be accompanied by inflamed gums, bleeding in your mouth, small ulcers, increased mucus and a film on your mouth or tongue. If you have mouth sores, you should increase your protein intake and use soft bristle toothbrushes with non-abrasive, non-whitening fluoride toothpaste. You should also stay well hydrated and talk to your doctor if the sores do not go away within a couple of weeks.
Proper Protein Intake
The Food and Nutrition Board recommends 56 grams of protein daily for normal adult men and 46 grams a day for average adult women. These should come from lean protein sources. Lean sources of complete proteins -- protein sources containing all nine essential amino acids -- can include animal sources like red meat, poultry, fish, eggs, milk and milk products. Plant sources of protein include legumes, grains, nuts and seeds, although these are not complete sources of protein. Soy-based protein is a complete source.
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