Tramadol is a medication used to treat moderate to severe pain. The medication is available only by prescription. Tramadol comes as a tablet and is taken as needed for chronic pain. The dosage varies according to each person's medical history. The prescription starts at the lowest dose and is increased if needed and needs to be used with caution in elderly patients. Along with the wanted effects of the medication, there are possible side effects that may occur when taking tramadol.
Common Side Effects
Some common side effects of tramadol include dizziness, nausea, constipation and headache. Some people experience additional adverse reactions including vomiting, itching, anxiety and drowsiness. Other unwanted effects include a dry mouth, diarrhea, flushing, sweating, abdominal bloating and nervousness. These side effects are not serious and will usually decrease or end with the continued use of the medicine. If the side effects continue, get worse or begin to bother the patient, the doctor may adjust the dose or change the medication to something else to relieve pain.
Serious Side Effects
Some side effects of tramadol are more serious in nature. These adverse reactions may cause harm to the body. All serious side effects need to be reported to the doctor. Tramadol can cause seizures. Patients with a seizure disorder need to use the medication with caution. Tramadol may mask the symptoms of stomach conditions. Any signs of stomach distress need to be reported for further investigation. Postural hypotension, a decrease in blood pressure when first standing up, may cause symptoms such as dizziness or fainting. Tramadol may cause a physical dependence on the medication. This is evidenced by needing more medication to control the pain. If the medicine is stopped suddenly, the patient may experience withdrawal symptoms such as anxiety, insomnia and agitation.
Special Precautions
Tramadol may cause severe drowsiness. It is necessary to avoid using heavy machinery or driving until the effects of the medication are understood. Avoid taking this medicine while also taking medication used to assist in sleeping. The combination of the medications may depress the nervous system too much, causing a decrease in breathing. According to Drugs.com, drinking large amounts of alcohol is not recommended while taking tramadol.
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