The Candida group of yeasts includes approximately 150 different species. One species, C. albicans causes between 70 and 80 percent of all infections by these yeasts, according to the Merck Manual for Healthcare Professionals. C. albicans normally exists on the mucus membranes and the skin without causing infection. When conditions occur that allow it to grow, it can cause a fungal infection known as candidiasis or moniliasis.
Vaginal Candidiasis
Vaginal candidiasis occurs commonly among diabetic women, pregnant women, and those on a course of antibiotics. The candida organisms makes up a normal part of the vaginal flora, where they coexist with bacteria in a mix that usually remains in equilibrium, explains MayoClinic.com. An acid-producing type of bacteria known as lactobacillus usually prevents overgrowth of candida, but a number of factors can upset the equilibrium. In those cases, an overgrowth of candida organisms can cause vaginal infections. Symptoms may include unusual discharges, swelling, and painful intercourse and painful urination.
Penile Candidiasis
Men suffering from diabetes, those whose female partners have a vaginal candida infection, and uncircumcised men may develop penile candidiasis. The infection might produce no symptoms, or it may cause an itching, burning red rash on the glans of the penis. In some cases a rash may appear on the scrotum.
Intertriginous Candida Infections
Candida can cause intertriginous infections in the folds of the skin or the navel. The symptoms of those infections include a red rash in the affected area. The skin might become softened and deteriorate. The rash might have pustules at its borders and may burn or itch. Infants wearing diapers may develop a candida rash in the areas normally covered by the diaper.
Oral Thrush
Candida can cause an infection in the mouth known as oral thrush. Symptoms include white patches on the tongue and the insides of the cheeks. The Merck Manual notes that oral thrush in children with no other health problems is not unusual, but in adults the infection may indicate problems with the immune system. The National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research mentions that oral thrush may cause a painful condition known as burning mouth syndrome.
Perlèche and Candidal Paronychia
Candida infections that occur at the corners of the mouth are known as perlèche. Thumb-sucking, excessive licking of the lips and badly fitted dentures may cause these infections. Small cracks appear in the affected areas.
Candidiasis infections of the nail beds can cause swelling and redness. This type of infection--known as candidal paronychia infections--usually develops in patients with immune system problems or diabetes. Sometime healthy people who wash or wet their hands frequently can develop candidal paronychia.
