Gardnerella vaginosis, which is more frequently referred to as bacterial vaginosis, is the most common type of vaginal infection in women of reproductive age, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Women who have questions regarding the characteristics of gardenerella vaginosis should talk with a doctor.
Causes
Although the exact cause of gardnerella vaginosis is unclear, FamilyDoctor.org reports that this infection occurs when there is an imbalance of naturally occurring bacteria in the vagina. Unusually low levels of lactobacilli, a type of protective bacteria, combined with high levels of anaerobes can cause gardnerella vaginosis symptoms.
Symptoms
Women who develop gardnerella vaginosis may not experience noticeable symptoms. Symptomatic women can develop unusual vaginal discharge that is milky or gray in color and may emit a strong, fish-like odor. These symptoms of infection may be most noticeable after a woman has sexual intercourse or finishes her period. Additional symptoms associated with gardnerella vaginosis include discomfort during urination or vaginal irritation or itching. These symptoms can also be signs of alternate medical problems, such as a urinary or sexually transmitted infection. Affected women should consult a doctor to ensure receipt of appropriate treatment.
Treatments
Women diagnosed with gardnerella vaginosis are typically prescribed oral or vaginal antibiotic medication to treat the infection. One of the most common types of treatment is a generic medication called metronidazole, according to California State University, Northridge. It is important to continue taking prescribed medication for the entire length of treatment, even if symptoms resolve before treatment ends. Before taking any type of medication, women should discuss the potential side effects of treatment with a doctor.
Complications
In the absence of appropriate treatment, gardnerella vaginosis can lead to a more severe infection called pelvic inflammatory disease. PID is an infection of a woman's reproductive tract that can contribute to infertility. Women with this type of infection are also at a higher risk of contracting sexually transmitted diseases or experiencing problems with pregnancy.
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