Fish oil represents a rich store of the omega-3 fatty acids DHA and EPA. The brain contains large concentrations of omega-3s, making fish oil potentially useful for issues affecting cognition and mental health, though evidence on its effectiveness for these issues has been mixed. The University of Maryland Medical Center reports research has shown fish oil can improve heart health as well as provide relief from inflammatory conditions. Although generally safe when taken in appropriate dosages, fish oil can prove problematic in certain instances.
Side Effects of Ingestion
Common side effects of ingesting fish oil supplements include fishy aftertaste, belching, nausea and heartburn. Taking time-released capsules can mitigate some of these effects. Drugs.com notes other effects have been reported in a small number of people including but not limited to back pain, stomach pain, incontinence, gastritis, vomiting, dizziness, skin reactions like itching and rash, and fluid retention. If you notice any unusual symptoms after starting fish oil supplementation, discontinue use and see your doctor to rule out other possible causes of these issues.
Signs of an allergic reaction include swelling, hives, rash and difficulty breathing -- seek medical attention right away in the event of an allergic reaction.
Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center says fish oil supplementation might lower levels of vitamin E and beta-carotene, a compound your body uses to make vitamin A.
Effects on Bleeding
Fish oil has demonstrated blood-thinning properties, meaning it can increase the amount of time it takes for blood to clot. Taking fish oil simultaneously with blood-thinning medications could increase the risk of bleeding or bruising. Same goes if you suffer from bleeding disorders. Consult with your doctor before using fish oil supplements if any of these circumstances apply to you.
Effects on Blood Pressure and Blood Sugar
The University of Maryland Medical Center reports fish oil can reduce blood pressure and blood sugar levels. Using it in conjunction with medications used for these same reasons could cause excessive drops. If you choose to use fish oil, you might require dosage adjustments in medications; only your doctor can safely determine this.
Pregnant and Breastfeeding Women
Drugs.com reports fish oil has been classified as a category C medicine by the Food and Drug Administration, meaning its safety for use during pregnancy has not been established. The same applies for use during breastfeeding. Talk to your doctor before using fish oil if you are pregnant, planning to become pregnant while using this supplement or breastfeeding.
Proper Use
When taken in the suggested dosages, fish oil will likely pose no serious problems. Do not take more than 3,000 mg daily without the supervision of your doctor. Read labels carefully to determine the need for refrigeration. Do not use expired products.
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