Dyspraxia is a condition in which the neural pathways of the brain do not form properly. These pathways in the cerebral cortex do not relay messages from the sensory organs quickly or efficiently, causing delays in speech and motor skill development. Essentially, the body does not always do what the brain tells it to do. Dyspraxia affects about 2 percent of the population and occurs in males much more frequently than in females, according to the Dyspraxia Connexion.
Types of Therapy
The first step in helping a child with dyspraxia is an accurate diagnosis. This helps to determine the best courses of professional and at-home therapy for your child. Speech-language therapy can help with apraxia of speech, so children learn to control mouth and tongue movements to improve intelligibility. Occupational therapy often helps with physical coordination and the development of fine and gross motor skills, says the Dyspraxia Foundation.
Expert Insight
Dr. David Sugden, professor of Special Needs in Education at Leeds University, led a study of intervention practices in children with dyspraxia. In the study, the parents and caregivers of 31 children with dyspraxia were given a task-oriented, systematic dyspraxia management guide, including several weekly therapy sessions. At the end of the 18-month study, 27 of the 31 children showed significant improvement with their dyspraxic symptoms. The study found that with this support system, parents and educators are as capable of caring for children with dyspraxia as specialists are.
Considerations for Preadolescents
The Dyspraxia Connexion organization suggests several ways for parents and educators to help dyspraxic children focus and achieve. Break tasks into smaller steps, and give directions one step at a time. Recognize and praise even minor achievements. In the classroom, request that the teacher seat your child near the front of the room with a clear view to the board. Provide specialized supplies if needed, such as safety scissors and pens with grips.
Considerations for Adolescents
As children with dyspraxia transition to middle and high school, they may find the changes overwhelming. Parents can ease the transition in several ways. Visit new schools ahead of time so your child can learn to navigate the building. Meet with teachers and support staff to make sure they understand his condition, and communicate with teachers regularly. Encourage autonomy by having your child pack his own lunch each day.
Physical Activities
Children with dyspraxia often find physical activity challenging; however, physical fitness is important for overall health. Guide your child in activities that focus on skill-building rather than team participation. Non-competitive sports such as yoga, swimming and martial arts are practical options for dyspraxic children because they help to build strength and agility, provide a sense of accomplishment and help the child avoid the anxiety and pressure associated with team sports.
