Serrapeptase, also known as serratio peptidase, is a proteolytic enzyme, which means its primary task is to break down proteins. This substance occurs naturally in the intestine of the silkworm and is used by the adult moth to dissolve the remains of the cocoon after metamorphosis takes place. As a supplement, serrapeptase is reputed to possess analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties.
Production
Serrapeptase is isolated from any of a number of microorganisms belonging to the large family of bacteria known as Serratia sp. E-15, which includes Salmonella and Escherichia coli. According to an article in the September 2003 issue of "Life Extension" magazine, serrapeptase has been used medicinally in Europe and Asia for more than 25 years, where it is marketed under the trade names SerraZyme, Danzen and Aniflazym. In the U.S. serrapeptase has been sold as a dietary supplement since 1997.
Medicinal Applications
Serrapeptase is primarily used to address pain and inflammation associated with carpal tunnel syndrome, post-surgical edema, fibrocystic breast disease, chronic airway disease, and disorders of the ear, nose and throat. Researchers are also investigating the potential for serrapeptase to help prevent the development of arterial plaque, according to "Life Extension."
Mechanisms of Action
The pain-relieving effect of serrapeptase may be attributed to the suppression of the release of compounds collectively referred to as bradykinin, which would otherwise bind to pain receptors at the site of inflammation. The anti-inflammatory properties of serrapeptase may be due to a reduction in fluids produced following the injury of soft tissue. The cardiovascular benefits of this substance are possibly owing to the degradation of fibrin, a byproduct of proteins involved in the formation of blood clots and arterial plaque.
Evidence of Efficacy
A team of Japanese researchers led by Seiichi Nakamura investigated the effect of serrapeptase on patients with chronic airway disease. In the Sept. 8, 2003, issue of "Respirology," the study authors reported that the patients in the treatment group experienced significant improvement after four weeks of serrapeptase therapy.
A study published in the March 2008 issue of "International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery" showed that serrapeptase supplementation reduced pain and inflammation following dental surgery.
In terms of cardiovascular effects, Italian researchers at the University of Naples published an abstract in "Minerva Cardioangiologica" that stated serrapeptase reduced swelling, weakness and nighttime cramps in patients with inflammatory venous disease. However, more research is needed to conclude that this substance has significant impact on cardiovascular health.
Side Effects
The Life Extension Organization cautions that long-term studies on the effects of serrapeptase are lacking. It should also be noted that although the studies mentioned here found that serrapeptase is generally well-tolerated, it might cause gastrointestinal upset in some people. In addition, since this substance appears to thin mucous secretions, it may not be suitable if you have a history of lung disease. Always consult with your physician before taking any supplement, especially if you have a history of chronic disease or are taking other medications.
References
- U.S. National Library of Medicine: Cloning and Sequencing of Serratia Protease Gene
- Life Extension Organization: Serrapeptase: The Natural Anti-inflammatory
- U.S. National Library of Medicine: Effect of the Proteolytic Enzyme Serrapeptase in Patients with Chronic Airway Disease
- U.S. National Library of Medicine: Effect of the Proteolytic Enzyme Serrapeptase on Swelling...
- U.S. National Library of Medicine: Clinical Study of the Efficacy of and Tolerance to Seaprose S in Inflammatory Venous Disease
