Nonverbal communication expresses feelings, emotions and messages without the use of words. You relate to others and express your personality using eye contact, facial expressions, posture and gestures. Nonverbal communication may help illustrate verbal communication or take the place of verbal communication entirely---and may even help improve relationships. According to Helpguide.org, nonverbal communication is one of the five skills of emotional intelligence and helps build strong relationships, overcome challenges and succeed in work and life. Understanding the key characteristics of nonverbal communication may prove beneficial in your relationships, as well as work and daily life.
Eye Contact
Eye contact, a key characteristic of nonverbal communication, expresses much without a single word. In American culture, maintaining eye contact shows respect and indicates attentiveness and interest. According to Texas Health Science, eye contact also serves to build rapport and establish the nature of a relationship. The "look in your eye" can express feelings, including attraction and hostility, as well.
Facial Expressions
Facial expressions are one of the few key characteristics of nonverbal communication that transcend the lines of culture. Your facial expression can communicate happiness, sadness, anger or fear. According to Helpguide.org these expressions are the same across cultures, thus making facial expressions useful for communication regardless of language barriers.
Posture
Posture and how you carry yourself tells a lot about you. How you walk, sit, stand or hold your head not only indicates your current mood, but also your personality in general. For example, if you cross your arms while standing, you indicate that you may be closed off and defensive. Meanwhile, walking with your head down and avoiding eye contact with others may indicate shyness. Your posture and how you carry yourself influences the perception others have of you.
Gestures
Used to clarify, emphasize and describe, gestures often become subconscious habits. However, even if expressed subconsciously gestures play a key role in nonverbal communication. In addition to helping illustrate language, gestures such as wringing hands, nervously fidgeting or tightly crossing arms can show discomfort.
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